Compressed-air engine.



M. H. BLLADO.

` l CUMPRESSED AIR ENGINE. APPucATloN FILED MAY 9. rela.

1,281,490. Patented omk 15,"'1918 attenant,

UNITED STATESPATENT onirica.

MILD B. BILLADO, F JEGHG, VERMONT.

coMPmissED-Am ENGINE.

y To all whom it may concern:

`Be it known that\\I, Mino BILLADO, a citizen of the United States, residing at J erichc, in the county ofChittenden, State of'Vermont, have invented-a new and useful Coinpresscd-Ai`r Engine; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and

i exact description of the invention, sucli as will enable others skilled in 'the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The 4present invention relates to a coinpressed air engine, and has for its object to provide a device of this character which en bodies novel features-.of construction where by the energy of the compressed air can be utilized in the most effective manner to drive a double acting engine.

Furtherobjects of the invention are to` provide a compressed air engine which is dependable iii its action, which 1provides in an effective manner4 .for supp ying compressed air tothe cylinder and exhausting dead air therefrom, and in which the parts are all easilyaccessible. n i

With these and other ob]ects in view, the

`invention consists in certain novel combina tions and arrangements ofthe parts as will more fully ap ear as the description pro` .ceeds, ythenove features thereof being pointed out in-tlie appended claims.

For a' full' understanding of the invention, reference is to be had to the following description and accompanying drawings, in which:f-

Figure 1 is. a side elevation of a cornpressed air engine constructed in accordance with the invention with portions broken awa and shown in section.

Fig. V2 is a horizontal sectional Aview through the cylinder. A 'j Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view 40n the line 3-3 of Fig; 1.

Fig. 4 is a greatly enlarged transverse sectional view through the air valve and air valve casing.

lCorresponding and like parts are referred .to in the following description and indicatedV in all the vviews ofthe drawings bv the same reference characters.

`Referring to the drawings, which illus trate one embodiment of the invention, the numeral 1 designates a cylinder which is preferably arranged, in a horizontal position', and which is: shown Vas supported upon the legs 2. Opposite ends, of thecylinder are closed-'by the cylinder heads 3,'and a pair y valves 'at the two ends of the cylinder.

Speclcatton of Letters Patent.` Patented Oct, 15, 1918, Application filed Hay 9. 1918. Serial No. 233,534. y

of pistonsv 11 are mounted to reciprocate back and forth Within the c linder, said pistons being rigidly connect/e by a piston rod 5. An arm 6 projects downwardly from the piston rod 5, extending through an opening 7 in the cylinder and being slidably received between-two longitudinal guide bars 8 which extend across'tlie opening, being connected Jto blocks-*9 which vare appliedto opposite ends of the cylinder at the bottom thereof. The lower end of the arm 6 isconneeted to a slide 10 which operates' through a suitable guide .11 and is connected by a pitinan 12 to a crank shaft 13 upon which a iy wheel 14 is mounted. Power can be taken from` the crank shaft 3 and utilized `for performing any useful work.

A tubular air valve casing 15 coinniunicateswith cach end of the cylinder l, being fitted to the center of the recessed cylinder head 3. An air supply pipe 16 communi- 'cates laterally with the outer endof each of the air valve casings l5, said pipesleading from any suitable source of supply for coin-y pressent air. An exhaust valve casing 17 is appliedto each of the cylinder heads 3 inimediately above the air valve casing,4 and a U-shaped frame 18 carries both the exhaust valve19 and the air valve 20. The two arms of the U-fraine 18 are parallel and one of the arms extendsthrough the air valve casing 15 and proJects into the end of the-cylinder 1 where it terminates in a contact head 21 wliich'isadapted to be 'engaged by the coi responding piston 4 when the latter reaches the inner limit of, its` movement and it s necessary to reveite the positions of t e A valve seat 22 is fitted in the inner end of each of the casings 1 5 Vand the air'valve 20 is adapted to engage the end of the valve seat', as indicated at the left hand side of Fig. l, Vwhen the supply of compressed air to the cylinder is cut-olf. The air .valve 20, as indicated more clearly' by Fig. e, have a dianieter slightly less than the interior dianjieter, t

of the vgllve casing, and are provided upon the exterior thereof with longitudinal grooves or do `/ressions 20 so that the ai r can always reely around the sides thereof when the 'ralve is open. interposed between the rear end of each of the air valves 20 and a guide bushing 24 which is arranged at the rear end of the valve casing, -the said' bushing and valve.

being preferably. formed with tapered noses A coil spring 23 is w .pin 34 and one ,of the .the corresponding latch 25. oit-he parts is shownat the right hand end of Fi 2. Upon-the actuation of the slide frod. limit of their movement in one-direction the 241 and 20b respectively for engagingthe ends of the coil Spring and properly centeringthe same.

he springs 23 normally tend to hold the air valves 20 in a closed position, and when the air valve is closed the corres ondin exhaust valve 17 is moved inwardly andV opened. When one of the air valves is opened by engagement of the corresponding piston 4 wlth the contact head 21 of the U-frame 18, the exhaust valve is closed and compressed air admitted to the cylinder end so that-the piston will be forced away from the cylinder head. A spring latch 25 is arranged to engage the U-frame 18 when the latter is moved outwardly to open the,

air valve `and close the exhaust valves, the valves being thus locked in this position against the action of the spring 23. When one of the Ufframes 18 is thus moved outwardly and engaged by the latch 25, it engages the arm '26 of a slide rod 27 which opcrates to release the s ring latch member 25 at the opposite end o the cylinder, thereby causing the air valve at the other end of the cylinder to be closed and the exhaust valve to be opened. The two slide rods 27 are arranged upon. opposite slides of the cylinder, being mounted within guide plates28' whichiproject from the cylinder, and being arranged at slightly different elevations so that the arms 26and latch members 25 at the ends of the cylinders will not interfere with each other.

V Each of the spring latches 25 -is provided `at its pivot end with a laterally projecting trip arm 29 which is adapted to be engaged by the hooked nose 30 of the corresponding slide rod 27, said' nose being pivoted to the slide rod at 31, and held yieldably'in operative position byv a suitable spring 32. A coil spring 33 surroundseach of the slide rods 27, being interposed between a transverse uide plates 28, and serving to return the s ide rod to its orginalfposition as soon as it is released by the return movement of the -U-shaped frame 18 withzwhiclr it'coperate's. VUpon this return movement of the slide rod the beveled end of the 'hooked nose 30 Awill cause thesame .to engage the. free end ofthe tri armv 29 of when the pistons4 have reached the y hooked nose `30 will cooperate with the trip 'arm-F29 to swing the latch member 25 into A1111.13.12eruit-ive position and release the U-frame iajvafwrfakhthe: trip arm 2.9 will beenme' y.Idisengaged`fromv the hooked nose 'ofOwbyreajs'on.; of the lat-ter being moved beyond- 'the -trip arm, and the latch 2,5 will return to operative position, as indicated at'the left hand end of Fig. 2.-

his position y In Fig. 1 the air valve 2O at the right hand i end of the cylinder is locked in an open position by the corresponding latch 25, while the air valve 20 at the left hand end of the cylinder is held in a closed position by the spring 23, the U-frame 18 thereof having been released. Compressed air is` ,entering the right hand end of the cylinder while dead air is being exhausted from the left hand end of the cylinder, the two pistons moving from right to left, 'as indicated b the arrow. When the pistons reach the limit of their movement they will engage the contact head 21 of the U-frame 18 at the left hand end of the cylinder and move the same outwardly to open the air va'lve and close the exhaust. valve. ThisU-frame will be engaged by the spring latch 25 and looked in this osition, and as it is moved outwardly 1t will engage the arm 26 of the 85 slide rod 27 for the air valve at the opposite end of the cylinder, thereby causing the spring latch 25 for the said opposite air valve to be moved into inoperative position and the U-frame 18 at the opposite end of 90 the cylinder released, The position of all of the valves will thus be exactly reversed, so that the pistons will be acted upon-by the compressed air and caused to travel in a reverse direction. The operation of the valve mechanism wi'llbe repeated and the positions of the valves again reversed when 'the pistons reach the other limit of their movement.. The operation of the engine is thus continuous 'and each stroke of the pis- 100 tons isa power. stroke. i

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A compressed ai;` engine including a cylinder, a piston movable within the cylinder, a tubular air. valve casing projecting from the end of the c linder, an outwardly opening spring seate t' air valve therein, a stem projecting inwardly from the valve and terminatin in a contact head adapted to beA engage by the piston to open the valve when thepiston has reached the limit-of its vmovement in 4one direction, latch means for locking the valve in .an open position, and 1.15 ltrip means. for releasin the latch means when the piston has reae ed the limit ofits movement in theo posite' direction.

2. A compresse air engine includin a c linder, a piston movablewithin the cy iner, atubular air valve casing. projecting. from the end of the c linder, an outwardly, opening spring sea-te air valve therein, a stem projecting inwardly from the valve and terminating in a Contacthead adapted to be 125 engaged vby the piston Awhen the latter reaches one limit of its movement, A an errhaust valve operatively connected to the air I'valve to be opened when the air valve is closed and closed when the air valve is carrying the air valve and exhaust valve andV opened, a latch for locking the air valve in an open osition, and trip means for releasing the atch when the pistonv has reached the opposite limit of its movement.

3.V A compressed air engine including a cylinder, a piston movable Within the cylinder, `a tubular air valve casing projecting from the end of the cylinder, an outwardly opening spring seated valve therein, an inwardly opening exhaust valve, a U-fraine having one end thereoi*extended into the cylinder and terminating in a contact head adapted to be engaged by the piston to open the air valve when the piston has reached the limit of its moveinent'in one direction, a latch for engagement with the U-frame to lock the air valve in an open position, and trip means for releasing the latch when the piston has reached the limit of its 1novement in the other direction.

4. A compressed air engine including a c linder, a piston movable Within the cylinA er, an outwardly openingspring seated air valve `at each end of the cylinder, an in- Wardly opening exhaust valve at each end of the cylinder, U-frames carry-ing the air valves and exhaust valves, and formed With extensions which project into the cylinder for engagement with the piston, a latch for engaging each AUt`rame to hold the corres ending air valve open andlezznaust valve 4c osed, and trip means actuated by each U frame for releasing U-f-rame.

5. A compressed air engine including a cylinder, a piston movable Within the cylinder, an outwardl opening air valve and an inwardly opening exhaust valve at each end of the cylinder, U-frames carrying the air the latch of theother valves and exhaust valves, said U-frames being formed with extensions which project into the ends of the cylinder and terminate in contact. heads adapted to be engaged by the piston, latches for engaging the U- frameto lock the corresponding air valve in an open position and the corresponding exhaust valve in a closed position, slide rods lextending longitudinally of the cylinder and formed with arms projecting into the paths of the respective U-franies so as to be moved thereby, and means actuated by the slide rods for releasing the before mentioned latches.

6. A compressed air engine including a cylinder, a piston movable within the cylin der, an outwardly opening air valve and an inwardly opening exhaust valve at each end ofthe cylinder, U-frames carrying the air valves and exhaust valves, said U-rai'nes being formed with extensions which project into the ends of the cylinder and terminate in contact heads adapted to be engaged by the piston, latches for engaging the U- frames to lock the correspondlng air 'valve in an open position and the corresponding 'exhaust valve in a closed position, trip MILO R. BILLADO.

Witnesses J T. VARNnY, H. Ga HANLEY. 

